翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Araafa ・ Araang League ・ AraAppaloosa ・ Araara Island ・ Araathu ・ AraB ・ Arab (automobile) ・ Arab (disambiguation) ・ Arab (etymology) ・ Arab (horse) ・ Arab Abdi ・ Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences ・ Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport ・ Arab Academy of Damascus ・ Arab Advisors Group ・ Arab Agricultural Revolution ・ Arab Ahmet Mosque ・ Arab Ahmet, Nicosia ・ Arab Air Carriers Organization ・ Arab al-'Arida ・ Arab al-Aramshe ・ Arab al-Bawati ・ Arab al-Fuqara ・ Arab al-Mawasi massacre ・ Arab al-Mulk ・ Arab al-Na'im ・ Arab al-Nufay'at ・ Arab al-Safa ・ Arab al-Samniyya ・ Arab al-Shamalina Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Arab Agricultural Revolution ： ウィキペディア英語版 Arab Agricultural Revolution The Arab Agricultural Revolution〔.〕 (also referred to variously as ''Medieval Green Revolution'',〔.〕〔.〕 ''Muslim Agricultural Revolution'', ''Islamic Agricultural Revolution'' or ''Islamic Green Revolution'') is a term coined by the historian Andrew Watson in a 1974 paper postulating a fundamental transformation in agriculture from the 8th century to the 13th century in the Muslim lands.〔 Reviewers (Ashtor 1976, Decker 2009) rejected the proposal, stating that there was no such "revolution", as contrary to Watson's central claim, widespread cultivation and consumption of staples such as durum wheat, Asiatic rice, and sorghum as well as cotton were already commonplace under the Roman Empire and Sassanid Empire, centuries before the Islamic period. ==Hypothesis== Watson's proposal was an extension of another hypothesis of an agricultural revolution in Islamic Spain proposed much earlier in 1876 by the Spanish historian Antonia Garcia Maceira. Watson argued that the economy established by Arab and other Muslim traders across the Old World enabled the diffusion of many crops and farming techniques among different parts of the Islamic world, as well as the adaptation of crops and techniques from and to regions beyond the Islamic world. Crops from Africa such as sorghum, crops from China such as citrus fruits, and numerous crops from India such as mangos, rice, cotton and sugar cane, were distributed throughout Islamic lands, which, according to Watson, previously had not grown these crops.〔 Watson listed eighteen such crops being diffused during the Islamic period. Watson argues that these introductions, along with an increased mechanization of agriculture, led to major changes in economy, population distribution, vegetation cover,〔.〕 agricultural production and income, population levels, urban growth, the distribution of the labour force, linked industries, cooking, diet and clothing in the Islamic world.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arab Agricultural Revolution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.